Vacuum drying apparatus



10 in the desired positionby. suitable guides. ples 4 with an exhaust `header 6 mounted 5;,

15 lel. In order to increase the heating-surface, tribution Vof the heating iuid. Openings 8 alf;

l 2o ed in other ways, for instance in the shape material treated is obtained by the operation 30 Fig. 1 shows the vacuum drying-apparatus As has been previously stated, the heaters 'rs Patented Sept. 9,'l'93t) i i d g "i i Y UNITED STATE jnTeNT oFFjicE x i y, nnensfrrnnsnnvann vJonsson, oF ninmeo, swnnan i l VACUUM DRYING- .APPARATUS y Application mea June 1, 192s, senin No. esame, and in sweden Junei," y1927. l

The present invention relates to improveerably of lthe automatically reversing type. ments in vacuum drying-apparatus ot the Heaters d ot flat parallel sided forni are suptype which includes a rotating or oscillating plied `with steam, het water, or any other y cylinder containing radially placed heaters.V suitable heating fluid by the` flexible pipe G 5 Theinvention is essentially characterized by which is securely connected with the valved the fact that these heaters are removably distributing header 7 iXed ont-he head `of mounted in the cylinder by sliding movement the cylinder l; Suitable pipes 7 connect longitudinally thereof. In the embodiment this header with nipples lf Yon the heaters 4. here shown` the heaters may be maintained Similarly, suitable pipes 6 connect the nip- These heaters, which are hollow and are 0n the head of the cylinder l and having a supplied with a suitable heatingfluid, for flexible erhaust` pipe 6 leading theretroin, instance hot water, 'steam `or the like, may, These heaters are interconnected by pipes 6, `it desired, be connected in series or in paralinsuch manner as to provide an eiicient diseach of the heaters may for instance consist'V are provided for the admission and discharge` of two headers adaptedl for the heating of the material to be dried. y y fluid and communicating by means of pipes. The vacuum necessary to effect an efficient The heaters may, however, also be constructand rapid evaporation of the moisture in the of flat chambers having about the same length of a suitable vacuum pump (not shown) f as the drying-cylinder. In thisV case pipes, connected toa condenser 9 which is in turn having open ends, may pass transversely connected to the cylinder 1 by iexible exhaust through the chambers, the material to be pipes 10. This arrangement enables ahigh evaporated, flowing through Said pipes, vacuum to be obtained in the cylinder l so 7e d Other features ot the invention will be that the normal boiling point-.of the material more particularly set forth in the following beine; treated iS greatly lowered. T0 guide in connection with the embodiments shown the flexible pipes 6, 7 and l0 a bracket 1l o in the annexed drawings. v suitabletype maybe employed. as a whole, in side view, Fig. 2 being a crossare slidably mounted in the cylinder 1 soV section of the same. Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate that they may be easily Withdrawn or ina heater in detail, looking from the side and serted whenever.necessary,` as in making refrom one end respectively. pairs or replacements. Meansare provided Figs. 5 and 6, and 7 and 8, further show to ensure that the heaters aredproperly posi- 80 two modifications ofthe parts shown in Figs. tioned and securely held when inserted and 3 and 4: in similar views, to. this `end `in the embodiment shown in the The drying cylinder 1 is mounted to rotate drawing `this is effected by guides 14 and 15 i on rollers 2. This cylinder has no supporting arranged at the interior ot the cylinder and y `40 shaft passing through it thus avoiding the at its centrerespectively, the Yfirst-mentioned S5 y difficulties attendant upon the use of suchv guides 14.- consisting ot spaced tlangesatcentral shaft by reason of the necessity of tachednto the circumference of the cylinder. employing a stuing boX at each end of the The guides `15 consist of ring-shaped discs cylinder. This cylinder is given `an oscilwhich are attached to an axial central heat lating motion by the motor 3 which is preting-.chamber 1.6. As may be seen in the draw- 00 ings the heating-chambers 4 do not extend so far as to the side Wall of the cylinder, so there is a space between the heaters and the said Wall, this space being large enough to allow the material being evaporated or dried, for instance grain, to pass these spaces upon the oscillation of the cylinder, a fact of particular importance at the time of discharge of the material out oi the cylinder. To realize a complete discharge of the drying-goods through the openings 8 inclined faces 17 may be placed near by the openings at the interior of the cylinder.

In order to increase the heating-power of the radially placed heaters said heaters may be constructed in such a Vay as to obtain a larger heating-surface than is obtained by the embodiments according to Figs. l, 2, 3 and e. So lor instance the heaters may consist of headers 20, 2l and pipes 22 connecting the same with one another as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, or they may consist of flat parallel sided heaters having' transversal conduits 23 provided with open ends and communicating With the cylinder space. These conduits 23 may be secured in position by punching holes in the Walls ot' the chambers and bending the hole-edges in- Wards and Welding the meeting edges 24 as clearly shown in Figs. 7 and 8.

To support the heaters safely the guides may also be arranged in such a manner as to extend along the Whole or a part, respectivc ly, ot the sides of the heaters. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous in the case ot the heaters being carried out according to Figs. 5 and 6. rEhe guides may, in this case, consist oi plates which are, along the edges, turned towards the pipes 22, provided with semi-circular notches forming a sure support for the pipes.

Having now particularly described the nature of my invention and the manner of its operation, what I claim is:

l. ln a device of the kind described, a cylindrical container, pairs of radially spaced guides arranged longitudinally of the container, and liet heating elements slidably mounted in said guides, the pairs of guides being spaced around the container.

2. In a device of the kind described, a cylindrical container, pairs oi" radially spaced guides arranged longitudinally of the container, and Hat heating elements slidably mounted in said guides, the outer guides oi said pairs consisting of members secured to the side Wall ot the container and provided with inwardly 'acing notches and the inner guides consisting of discs having` peripheral notches facing the notches of the outer guides.

3. In a device of the kind described, a cylindrical container, pairs of radially spaced guides arranged longitudinally of the container` and fiat heating elements slidably AUGUSTINUS EDVARD JON SSON.

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